Which of the following is a characteristic of Gothic architecture?

Pointed arches are a defining characteristic of Gothic architecture, which emerged in the 12th century and flourished until the 16th century. This architectural style is recognized for its verticality and light-filled spaces, which the pointed arch greatly contributes to. By allowing for taller structures, the pointed arch helps distribute weight more effectively than the rounded arches of previous architectural styles, such as Romanesque. This innovation enabled builders to create soaring cathedrals, majestic towers, and expansive stained glass windows—hallmarks of the Gothic aesthetic.

Additionally, the use of pointed arches allowed for more intricate designs and greater flexibility in the layout of buildings. This adaptability facilitated the creation of complex ribbed vaults and flying buttresses that characterized Gothic cathedrals. The pointed arch effectively symbolizes the transcendental aspirations of the Gothic movement, as it directs both structural load and human attention upward, emphasizing a connection to the divine.

In contrast, flat rooftops are associated with modern architectural styles rather than Gothic architecture, while decorative geometric shapes and symmetrical facades do not singularly define the style. Though they may appear in Gothic structures, they are not as inherently representative of the movement as the pointed arch.