What does the architectural feature of fenestration affect besides aesthetics?

Fenestration, which refers to the arrangement, proportions, and design of windows and doors in a building, plays a crucial role in energy efficiency. Windows can significantly influence a building's energy consumption by affecting thermal performance. For instance, the type of glass, the size and orientation of windows, and the use of shading devices can all contribute to how much heat enters or escapes a building. Effective fenestration can minimize reliance on artificial lighting and climate control systems, thereby reducing energy costs and improving the overall sustainability of a structure.

When windows are strategically placed and designed, they can maximize natural light while minimizing undesirable solar heat gain in the summer and heat loss in the winter. This not only contributes to energy savings but also enhances occupant comfort. Therefore, while fenestration can improve a building's visual appeal, its impact on energy efficiency is a critical consideration in modern architectural practice.